TDS? GDS? What Is Income Debt Servicing?
Erik Sepper • October 21, 2020

“Debt servicing” is the measure of your ability to meet all of your financial obligations. There are two ratios that are examined by financial institutions to determine whether you can debt service a mortgage. The first one is called the “gross debt service” ratio (GDS) and the second is called the “total debt service” ratio (TDS).
When a lender is looking at your GDS, they add together all of your expenses in relation to the property you are purchasing - including your proposed annual mortgage payments, heating, property taxes, and a percentage of your condo fees (if applicable). When you combine all of these monthly payments and divide it by your total monthly income, this forms your GDS. Generally speaking, your GDS should not exceed 35%, but those who have exceptional credit, the allowed GDS ratio can increase to as high as 39%.
Your lender will also examine your total debt service ratio. This time, they will take your property expenses and add it to all of your other financial obligations (such as your credit cards, loan payments, outstanding lines of credit, support payments, etc.). After all the obligations are added up, they are again divided by your monthly income. Generally, this ratio should not exceed 40%. For those who have exceptional credit and/or income and assets, the allowable TDS ratios can increase as high as 45%.
Let's use an example to show this in practice. Bob and Sue are currently looking at purchasing a particular property that they want to make their new home. After running some numbers, their proposed housing expenses will include a $1500 monthly mortgage payment, $200 in property taxes ($2400/year), and no condo fees. Their total household income is $90,000 annually, which comes to $7500/month. $1700 divided by $7500 equals 0.227, or 22.7%. In this case, they come well under the required 35% GDS.
Now we will figure out their TDS. Let’s say Bob and Sue have a monthly car payment of $300. Bob also has child and spousal support payments, totalling $500 each month. Their credit cards and lines of credit amounts to a financial obligation $700 each month. These payments add up to $1500 each month, and after we add in the $1700 of housing expenses, we arrive at a total of $3200/month for all of their financial obligations. $3200 divided by $7500 equals 0.427, or 42.7%.
All of this information from Bob and Sue is very helpful for the lender, and if you understand it, it can be helpful for you too. Based on their GDS alone, Bob and Sue can easily afford the house they are considering. But factor in their other expenses and the picture is not as clear - the lender will likely look at their credit score next to determine if they can afford the property, or if they should set their sights a little lower due to being a credit risk.
Put another way, if Bob and Sue were able to drastically decrease their balances on their credit cards and line of credit, they would likely qualify for a more expensive home if they so desired.
If you're in a situation where you are questioning what you can afford, or want to discuss your personal GDS and TDS ratios in an effort to more clearly understand the financing process, contact me anytime, I would love to work with you.

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Retirement doesn’t always mean a mortgage-free life anymore. And that’s okay. Between higher home prices, rising living costs, and longer life expectancy, many Canadians are choosing to retire with a mortgage or refinance later in life to create more flexibility. The goal isn’t perfection. It’s having options that actually support the life you want to live. If you’re thinking about how a mortgage fits into your retirement years, you’re not alone—and you’re not out of options. Why work with an independent mortgage professional? Because retirement financing is not one-size-fits-all. Unlike a single bank, an independent mortgage professional can look across multiple lenders and solutions to find what truly fits your income, equity, and long-term plans—not just what one institution offers. Mortgage options available in retirement Traditional Mortgage Solutions Many retirees still qualify for standard mortgages. Pension income, investment income, and other retirement sources can often be used to support an application. If you have good equity and solid credit, this is often the lowest-cost option. Reverse Mortgages For homeowners 55+, a reverse mortgage can unlock tax-free equity from your home with no monthly payments required. There’s no income verification or medical questions, making it a helpful option for those who want to improve cash flow while staying in their home. Home Equity Line of Credit (HELOC) A HELOC allows you to access your home equity as needed and only pay interest on what you use. Many retirees appreciate the flexibility and like consolidating income and expenses in one place. Private Financing Sometimes life throws a curveball. If timing, income, or credit create challenges, private financing can act as a short-term bridge. It’s not usually the first choice, but it can provide solutions when traditional lenders can’t. If you’re approaching retirement—or already there—and wondering how your mortgage fits into the picture, let’s talk. A clear plan can make retirement feel a lot more secure and a lot less stressful.


